Research Report

Adolescents' vitamin D status is positively correlated with bone density; therefore, maintaining adequate vitamin D levels during adolescence is crucial for preventing low bone density.

Vascular calcification is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in end-stage renal disease, particularly in hemodialysis patients. Vitamin D deficiency has been shown to be associated with vascular calcification in these patients. Cholecalciferol, or vitamin D3, has been proposed to have a significant effect on both vascular calcification and vitamin D deficiency.

Numerous experiments have shown that vitamin D regulates innate immune responses by directly affecting the function of monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs) and the secretion of related cytokines. Vitamin D also influences adaptive immune responses, including the development and progression of many autoimmune diseases, by regulating the activation, proliferation, and differentiation of T and B cells.